Showing 12 results for Adolescent
Sadati Sadati, Tamaddoni Tamaddoni, Mohammad Hossein Baghianimoghadam,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (12-2015)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Thalassemia is regarded as a genetic hematologic disease that affects various aspects of patients’ life. Measuring the health-related quality of life is a multidimensional concept that focuses on the disease as well as its treatment.
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 50 adolescents aged 12-18 years suffering from Thalassemia major, out of which 30 were females and 20 were males with the mean (±SD) age of 15.38(±2) years old. The present study was carried out applying the Kidscreen-27 health-related questionnaire.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between urban and rural patients’ scores (P-value=0.22). Comparison of quality of life amongst female and male patients indicated male patients' better scores in regard with physical well-being, psychosocial well-being and the total score of quality of life compared to the females (P-value<0.05). The total score of quality of life within adolescents with higher educated fathers was reported to be slightly higher than that of the other groups.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that there was neither a significant difference between urban and rural patients with thalassemia major, nor a relation between adolescent patients' quality of life and their fathers’ education level. Nonetheless, male patients were demonstrated to have better quality of lifethan females.
Malihe Khoramdad, Fateme Gholami, Yousef Alimohamadi, Zeynab Alavi, Jabbar Shafiei, Alireza Firouzi,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (6-2016)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Smoking is regarded as one of the major causes of death caused by chronic diseases which begins during adolescence. Considering the fact that the age of smoking onset in both developed and developing countries is decreasing, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence of lifetime smoking and its determinant factors in high schools of Shiraz.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 750 students (569 males and 181 females) participated who were selected via multi-stage cluster randomized sampling. The study data were collected using a checklist designed under the supervision of a team of specialists, that was responded by self-reports of the students. The collected data was statistically analyzed applying SPSS software (ver. 20), via χ2 and logistic regression tests.
Results: 85% of students mentioned they had not had smoking experience, and 15% reported experience of smoking. The prevalence of smoking among the boys was 15/3% and it was reported 12/2% within the girls. Most smoker students cited smoker friends and close relatives as the most important factor in encouraging them to smoke. In the present study, the relationship between smoking and the following parameters was examined: age, gender, educational status, field of study, and parents’ educational level; however, the sole significant relationship was observed between smoking, educational status (P=0.025), and field of study (P=0.032).
Conclusion: As the findings of the present study revealed, more attention to adolescents and related planning are needed to deal with the problem of cigarette smoking among this stratum of society.
Mohammad Ali Morovati Sharifabadi, Ehsan Movahed, Khair Mohammad Jadgal, Moradali Zareipour, Somayeh Alizadeh, Rabae Agh Atabai, Vali Bahrevar,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (2-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: This is important to consider the health, social support, and marital satisfaction of drivers since they own one of the essential and stressful jobs in society. The purpose of this research was to investigate quality of life, marital satisfaction, and social support of the drivers referring to the cargo terminal of Yazd City.
Methods: In order to collect data, 134 drivers in Yazd cargo terminal were selected. The ENRICH questionnaire of marital satisfaction, SF-36 questionnaire, and social support questionnaire (SSQ) have been used as data collection tools. The collected data were then analyzed by Independent T test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation.
Results: According to the results, the drivers' average age was 40.2±9.17 years old. The mean scores of marital satisfaction, quality of life, and social support were equal to 120.04±20.14 out of 175, 99.69±18.14 out of 149, and 15±4.76 out of 23, respectively. About 60.4 % of drivers were not satisfied with their jobs. There were significant relationships between weight and marital satisfaction (P=0.02), as well as between job satisfaction (P=0.003) (P=0.015) and income (P=0.047) (P=0.020), to social support and quality of life. Also, a strong significant positive relationship was observed in correlation coefficient between social support and two variables of quality of life and marital satisfaction (P=0.000).
Conclusion: This can be argued that marital satisfaction, quality of life, and social support of the drivers are lower than the expected levels. Therefore, it can be concluded that physical and mental health of drivers can be effective on safety of roads; thereby it is necessary to improve their conditions in marital satisfaction, quality of life, and social support
Sayed Said Mazloomy Mahmoodabad, Khair Mohammad Jadgal, Ehsan Movahed,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (2-2017)
Abstract
Introduction: Drug abuse among adolescents potentially holds several negative consequences for the health and well-being of the youth. This theoretically based study explained predictability of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on drug abuse related behaviors among adolescents.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in Yazd City, Iran, in 2015 among 125 male adolescents in the age range of 11 - 29 years, recruited randomly. All data gathered by using self-report written questionnaires included attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention not to use drugs as theoretical constructs of TPB, and drug abuse related behaviors.
Results: The results showed that 18 % of participants were smoker, 97 % of them did not have history of synthetic drug abuse by parents, and 6 % of participants reported synthetic drug abuse by friends. Results of Chi-square test showed that there was a significant relationship between smoking and father's education, family size, history of synthetic drugs in parents, history of synthetic drugs in friends, and participants' job (P ˃ 0.000). However, maternal education
(P = 682) and living with parents (P = 729) did not have any significant relationship.
Conclusions: The low prevalence of Drug abuse in this study in comparison with the existing statistics can attribute to lack of participants' reports.
Marjan Mohammadzadeh, Hamidin Awang, Suriani Ismail, Hayati Kadir Shahar,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (12-2017)
Abstract
Abstract:
Introduction: The current study as a part of our investigation on improving emotional and behavioural health in Malaysian orphanages was aimed to establish Content Validity Index (CVI) as well as Face Validity of a new life skill-based module for improving emotional health and coping mechanisms in Malaysian Institutionalised Adolescents including 2 different parts.
Methods: In order to assess the content validity and using a 16-item questionnaire, the initial version of the module was reviewed by 9 experts in the area. In the second part, the face validity of the module was assessed among 30 adolescents aged 14-17 from 2 orphanages. Using Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS21) and Brief COPE scale as the study instruments, the emotional heath and coping mechanisms among the participants was investigated before and after a life skills workshop (pre- and post-test). The activities in the workshop were randomly selected from the module activities.
Results: Results of the first part of study showed the minimum Value of the Item-level Content Validity Index and the computed the sum of items (S-CVI) for the study module were 0.78 and 0.93 respectively. The results of the second part of study showed the selected activities from module were significantly change the coping mechanisms expect substance use, behavior disengagement, venting, humor and religion (p>0.05). Furthermore, the mean score of anxiety (t=5.39, P<0.001) and stress (t=3.90, P<0.001) significantly decreased among the participants in post-test but there was no significant change on the mean score of depression (t=0.50, P=0.59).
Conclusion: both contend and face validity of the developed module were approved.
Keywords: Content validity; Face validity; Life skills education; Health education; Malaysian institutionalized adolescents
Jafar Shabani, Abolhassan Jafernodeh,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (4-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Smoking abstinence self-efficacy is a factor that plays a key role in preventing addiction or its revival tendency after quitting. This study attempted to analyze the relationship between the early maladaptive schemas and smoking abstinence self-efficacy among the sophomore high school students in the city of Gorgan, Iran.
Methods:This was a descriptive study and its population (n= 9955) included all second grade high school students in the city of Gorgan in the school year 2015-2016. The multi- stage cluster sampling method was used to select 369 participants. The required data were collected using the maladaptive schema questioners and the smoking abstinence self-efficacy questionnaire. Pearson correlation and Multi- variable regression methods were also used to analyze data.
Results: The results of the current study indicated a significant, yet reverse relationship of the early maladaptive schemas with smoking abstinence self-efficacy. Furthermore, 51 percent change in self-efficacy variance is derived from the components of early maladaptive schemas. Among components of the early maladaptive schemas, components of the abandonment / aalienation, the strongest predictor was Students smoking abstinence self-efficacy.
Conclusion: Early self- efficacy schemas are among the individual and psychological causes with especial importance in studies on smoking dependency and its consumption. Such early schemas lead to biases in an individual’s interpretation of the events. These biases are represented as distorted attitudes, false speculations, unrealistic aims and perspectives, and high- risk behaviors such as smoking.
Maryam Karimi, Mahdieh Estabraghi, Ali Hosseinzadeh Oskouee, Somayeh Kazemian,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (4-2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Mental health of adolescent girls as future mothers is of great importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of religious identity in the relationship between mother-child interaction and mental health of adolescent girls in Yazd, Iran.
Method: This study was conducted on 319 female students, studying at the tenth to twelfth grades of high schools in Yazd. In this study, Parent-Child Relationship Survey (PCRS), the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and Lotf-Abadi National-Religious Identity Questionnaire were used. The structural equation modeling was used to analyze data using AMOS software version 25.
Results: The findings of this study, using the method of structural equation modeling, showed that the quality of mother-child interaction had a direct and significant effect on both mental health disorder (β = -0.16, P< 0.001) and religious identity (β = 0.31, P< 0.001). In addition, the results showed that religious identity had a direct and significant effect on mental health disorder (β = -0.16, P< 0.001). Furthermore, religious identity played a mediator role in the relationship between mother-child interaction and mental health disorder (β = -0.05, P< 0.05).Multiple indices were used to evaluate the model and the results showed that the proposed model had goodness-of-fit.
Conclusion: Religious identity, as a protecting resource, helps adolescents against the stress and dangers, which arise from the puberty-related problems and increases their mental health. A good mother-child relationship has direct and significant relationship with the religious identity of adolescent girls. Therefore, the quality of relationship with mother, as a result of the religious identity development, can increase the mental health of female adolescents.
Vivek Waghachavare, Girish Dhumale, Jitesh Kadam,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (3-2021)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Gender stereotyping is the generalized and ambiguous impression of an individual's roles in society based on one's gender, remarkably difficult to abandon. These biases play an important role in vocational choices. The aim of the current research was to study attitudes towards women, gender stereotyping, and gender biases among adolescent boys and girls from a rural area.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted from Sept. 2016 to Aug. 2017 among rural school-going adolescents. A total of 826 samples were included in the study with convenience multi-stage sampling. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The data entry and analysis were performed using MS Excel and SPSS-22 with 5 % significant level.
Results: The mean age of 826 participants was 13.99 years with 297 (36%) being males. A higher percentage of the participants had a positive attitude towards females (83.9%) as well as a positive attitude towards crime against women (79.1%). However, gender stereotyping (54.6%) and male bias (58.6%)were present in the majority among them. There was a significant correlation between all the scales and gender (p<0.05); with better attitudes among females.
Conclusion: Although the overall attitude towards females was better in adolescents, gender bias remains an important problem.
Soroor Arabpour, Mahdi Zare Bahramabadi , Fatemeh Khoramian,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (12-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: In this study the effect of psychodrama on body image of female students at secondary school has been examined.
Method: In this quasi experimental study, all the female students at secondary school who were studying at high school in academic year 2016-2017 in Tehran were selected as a statistical society. Among the high schools in Tehran's 15th district, one school was selected by Purposive sampling method. They were examined by the Multidimensional Body-Self Relationships Questionnaire (MBSRQ). 24 female students were randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. Then, 8 sessions of 1.5 hours of psychodrama were performed for the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. In addition to descriptive statistics, Multivariate analysis of covariance were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the psychodrama on the body image of students and the SPSS-25 software was used for all the analyses (p>0.05. (
Results: In this analysis, the second-year high school student participants were adolescent girls with an average age of 14.34 years. The results the study showed The Mean ±SD of physical satisfaction component had more change from pre-test (25.08± 3.65) to post-test (32.50 ±4.85). Moreover, The Mean ±SD of the body image increased from pre-test (144.50 ±12.33) to post-test (16.165 ± 12.96).
Conclusion: Psychodrama had remarkable improvement on body image of female students who were selected in this research
Bhagwan Morale, Jagannath Dixit, Varsharani Kendre, Muralidhar Tambe, Vinay Kumar,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: The environment in which today’s adolescents are growing has changed drastically and affected their access to internet as well. The study was conducted with the aim of estimating the prevalence of internet use and pattern of internet use among adolescents of a village area.
Methods: About 114 adolescents of a village in Western Maharashtra belonging to age group 15-18 years participated in the study. They were selected based on the inclusion criteria of age group and willingness to participate in the study via universal sampling method and were interviewed with the help of semi-structured questionnaire, which included questions regarding socio-demography, internet use and its interrelationship with other variables. Chi-square test was used as a test of statistical significance to study the association between the predictor variable and the outcome with (p<0.05) as a level of significance.
Results: The prevalence of internet use was 99.12%. Where 74% of adolescents used internet for an average of 1-2 hours in a day and 26% used internet for an about 2-4 hours in a day. Taking p < 0.05 as a level of significance we found gender was significantly associated with duration of internet use (p = 0.01) and Purpose of internet use (p = 0.004).
Conclusion: Almost all adolescents have access to internet and are more inclined towards its use for non-educational purpose which can be detrimental for their educational progress and long-term career goals. Hence, monitoring of internet use by adolescents has to be done by guardians/teachers. Further studies should be conducted on cause-effect relationship to study the either way of association.
Nachizya Edith Namukanga, Joseph Mumba Zulu, Margarate N Munakampe, Dennis M Ngosa, Samson Shumba, Choolwe Jacobs,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Dysmenorrhea is a common gynecological issue among young females. However, no studies in Zambia have examined the prevalence and associated factors of primary dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of primary dysmenorrhea among adolescents in selected schools in the Lusaka District.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in eight randomly selected schools in Lusaka, including 400 post-menarche girls aged 10–19 years. Participants were selected via random sampling, and data were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire informed by literature. The tool included closed-ended and Likert scale questions, piloted for reliability (Cronbach's alpha: 0.8–0.9). Analysis was performed using STATA version 14.2, with variables having p < 0.05 in multivariate logistic regression considered statistically significant.
Results: All 400 participants responded (response rate: 100%). The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea was 78% (312/400; 95% CI: 73.6%–82.0%). Major risk factors included a positive family history (p < 0.001) and symptoms like breast tenderness (p = 0.008), diarrhea (p < 0.001), headache (p = 0.002), and nausea (p = 0.015). Menstrual cycles lasting 31–35 days (p = 0.034) and moderate menstrual flow (p = 0.011) were also significant.
Conclusion: Primary dysmenorrhea is highly prevalent among adolescents in Lusaka. Determinants included family history, long cycles, moderate flow intensity, and menstrual discomfort.
Josephine Namyalo, Dissan Sentumbwe, Annet Patience Nakalega, Jacqueline Kobusingye, Emmanuel Otieno,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Adolescent sexual and reproductive health is one of the essential health care services that promote a adolescent’s health. Complications of unwanted pregnancies lead to school dropouts’, disability and mortality. However, many adolescents 12-19 years face barriers to reproductive health information about their health and rights. And are unable to access services needed to protect their health. This study aimed to assess factors influencing access to Sexual and Reproductive Health Information among adolescents aged 12-19 years in Mukono municipality schools, Uganda.
Methods: Analytical cross-sectional survey and simple random sampling were used to select 384 participants between July and December 2022 in Mukono municipality. A Self-administered structured was used to collect data. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and a modified Poisson regression model.
Results: Findings showed the mean age of participants was 16.1 (S.D + 2) years. The proportion of access to information was 80.27%. Significant factors strongly associated with access to sexual and reproductive health information were being Moslem (OR: 0.284 (0.089-0.912)], going to hospital [OR: 2.350 (1.143-4.828)], distance 3-5 Kms from home to nearest health facility [OR: 0.41 (0.176-0.912)].
Conclusion: Two of every ten participants had access to Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights information. Significant determinants were radio media and print newspapers. Stakeholders should advocate for adolescents’ increased access to healthcare information to avert the upsurge in related diseases. Policy makers should review and monitor new guidelines for Adolescent and School health inclusive of sexuality and reproductive health. Thus, improve health equity for all.
