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Mohammad Hossein Baghianimoghadam, Hasan Shahbazi, Masoomeh Zinalabediny, Farokh Legh Servat, Batol Ghane, Vida Poutmazar,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (Oct-Dec 2013)
Abstract

Introduction: Majority of media users are teenagers which has deeply potential impact either positive or negative on cognitive, social and behavioral and also development of children and adolescent. There is a strong positive correlation between the onset of smoking in adolescents and young adults, and exposure to media and movies which shown consumption of smoking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the views of the people of Yazd, Iran on the impact of visual media on the prevention and incidence of smoking among adolescents and young adults. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive (cross-sectional) study. Participants were 582 individuals living in the city of Yazd. The self administrative questionnaire was used which validity and reliability was measured. After completing the questionnaires, the data was analyzed with using SPSS Version 16. Results: Based on participants' view role of family, friends and media respectively were more important in tendency of teenagers and adolescents smoking users. Almost 80 percent of subjects showed that influence of smoking in the media on a positive attitude towards tobacco smoking among adolescents and young people was very high. More than 55% of participants confirmed that the lack of smoking in movies is not effective in quality of the films. It was also confirmed, that in last month advertisements and anti-smoking programs were not seen by participants. Conclusion: The present study suggest control and monitoring on media, limitation or lack of smoking on media and films is an important factor to decreasing and control of smoking in adolescents and young adults.
Mohammad Hossien Salmani Nodoushan, Zinab Rezai, Valiallah Nassiri, Farokhlegha Servat, Mahdieh Delikhoon,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Jan-March 2015)
Abstract

Introduction: Zinc plays a vital role in various biological functions and physical growth. More than 300 enzymes in body need zinc for proper function. In this study, the concentration of the zinc micronutrient in breast milk was evaluated and analyzed at the first month of breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study of 150 breastfeeding mothers in the 2014 who had given birth in Yazd and were sampled in a simple way. Sampling was done exclusively in the health and treatment centers in the city, in the spring of 2014. 10- 20 ml samples of breast milk were taken manually in the morning and before infants' feeding, in 3 times of 5, 15 and 30 days after delivery, to measure the micronutrient of zinc. The concentration of zinc was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy.Data obtained by questionnaires and atomic absorption was analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: The average age of mothers was 27.40 ± 4.67 years. The average level of zinc in breast milk was 2.60 ± 0.35 mg/l. The zinc concentration of breast milk was at the bottom of the standard range of zinc in breast milk.There was no significant relationship between zinc averages in milk with education, age, BMI and mothers' job. But, there was a direct relationship between zinc levels of breast milk with mothers' BMI. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it seems that addition of zinc to the diet of breastfeeding mothers helps to prevent zinc deficiency in mothers' blood serum as well as children's nutrition.
Babak Shiravand, Ibrahim Salmani, Mohammad Reza Shokouhi, Farokhlegha Servat, Negar Karami,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (Jan-March 2017)
Abstract

Introduction: Biological attack a phenomenon which has seriously started in the 20th- century and is expanding every day. Plague agent is one of factors listed as a biological weapon by the disarmament convention. Therefore, the risk of biological or bioterrorism applications is probable and serious. The purpose of this study was to update health professionals' information on plague and bioterrorism aspect of this disease.

Methods: This article is a literature review written based on search on articles from library and internet resources (1990- 2016).

Results: More than 2,000 species of bacteria have been identified in three main groups of bacillus (rod-shaped), cocci (round and oval), and spiral. But only about 100 of them are known as pathogens and Less than 10 species are used as biological agents for military application and one of them is plague agent. Yersinia pestis is a Gram negative, rod-shaped, anaerobic, member of the enterobacteriaceae family, and if be painted by Colors Wright, Giemsa or Leeson will be seen bipolar under a microscope.

Conclusion: Nowadays, in spite of the progresses made in science and technology, human knowledge is relatively incapable to anticipate the time and place of biological attacks. Therefore, being prepared and ready for its unavoidable occurrence is necessary. So, regarding the importance and necessity of readiness, officials and experts have to make an effort and plan against these hazards.


Babak Shiravand, Ibrahim Salmani, Farrokhlagha Servat,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (Apr-June 2017)
Abstract

Introduction: Biological attacks are a phenomenon that started on a serious note in the twentieth century and such weapons are being developed every day.The agent of plague is one of those listed as biological weapons by the Weapons Convention. So, the danger of its biological or bioterrorist applications by the enemy is possible and poses a serious threat. The purpose of compiling this article is to update information of health personnel about plague and the bioterrorist aspect of this disease.

Methods: This article is a review study which had been undertaken based on articles searched from the library and the internet (1990–2016).

Results: More than 2000 species of bacteria have been identified in three main groups of bacillus (rod-shaped), cocci (round and oval) and spiral (helical) but only approximately 100 species have been identified as pathogenic and less than 10 species are used as suitable biological agents for military application and the plague agent is one of them. Yersinia pestis is a type of gram-negative anaerobic coccobacillus from the Enterobacteriaceae family and if it is stained with Wright, Giemsa or Wayson it can be seen as bipolar under a microscope.

Conclusion: Nowadays, despite development of science and technology, humans are not able to predict time and location of this type of attack. So, we should be prepared for this unavoidable eventuality. Considering the importance and necessity of preparing to deal with attacks, authors of such studies and professionals should consciously plan and try to prepare against these dangers.


Farokhlegha Servat, Seyed Saeed Mazloomy Mahmoodabad, Masoumeh Abbasi- Shavazi, Ali Dehghani,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (Oct-Dec 2020)
Abstract

 
Introduction: Social and organizational supports are effective factors closely related to job burnout and Due to the limited studies in this area on Iranian workers, this study aims to determine the predictability of social support and organizational support in  job burnout for workers in Yazd.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 textile workers in Yazd through stratified random sampling. The data were collected by the tools including demographic characteristics, questionnaires of social support, organizational support, and Maslach's job burnout. The data were analyzed by SPSS using the Pearson correlation coefficient and the multiple linear regressions. The Significance level of tests was considered as p <0.05. 
Results: There was a significant strong positive relationship between job burnout and emotional exhaustion (r= 0.88) (p <0.001 (. There was found a significant negative correlation between job burnout and social support (r =- 0.390), friend support (r= -0.401), family supoert (r= -0.218), important others support (r= - 0.283) (p <0.001 (. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that 17.8% of the changes in job burnout were explained by friends, family, and important others support (R2=0.178, p<0.001) whereas support from friends was the strongest predictor of job burnout (β= - 0.338, p <0.001). Social and organizational support explained 35.9% of the changes in job burnout (R2= 0.359, p<0.001) with organizational support being the strongest predictor of  job burnout (β= - 0.472, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Given that organizational support was the most significant predictor of job burnout in workers, developing organizational interventions to increase support in workplace can be regarded as effective strategy to reduce or slow down job burnout among workers.


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