Volume 9, Issue 4 (Oct-Dec 2020)
JCHR 2020, 9(4): 273-281 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Sadeh M R, Sharifatpour R. The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on Balance Function and Physiological Cost Index in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. JCHR 2020; 9 (4) :273-281
URL: http://jhr.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-649-en.html
URL: http://jhr.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-649-en.html
1- 1. Department of Physical Education of University of Najafabad, Branch of Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
2- 2. Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran ,reza.sharifatpour2013@gmail.com
2- 2. Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Yazd, Yazd, Iran ,
Abstract: (2792 Views)
Introduction: Muscle weakness and balance problems are limiting factors in Multiple sclerosis patients that can be improved due to physical activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic exercise on balance function and Physiological Cost Index in patients with MS in Yazd city in 1394.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in two stages: pretest and post-test. The subjects were selected by targeted and available sampling and randomly divided into training and control groups that included 30 patients (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Subjects in the experimental group participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, three days a week, each session of 60-90 minutes with an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate. For statistical analysis we used descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and the Shapiro-Wilk test used to measure the normality of the data, independent t-test and the covariance (ANCOVA). The significance level of the tests was p < 0.05 by using the SPSS-25 software.
Results: ANCOVA results revealed that the selected aerobic training significantly increased both static balance (p = 0.007) and dynamic balance (p = 0.001). Moreover, aerobic training positively influenced the physiological cost index (P = 0.001.
Conclusion: aerobic exercise can improve both static and dynamic balance and increase the Physiological Cost Index in M.S patients. Therefore, these exercises are recommended for patients with MS.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in two stages: pretest and post-test. The subjects were selected by targeted and available sampling and randomly divided into training and control groups that included 30 patients (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control. Subjects in the experimental group participated in an aerobic exercise program for eight weeks, three days a week, each session of 60-90 minutes with an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate. For statistical analysis we used descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, and the Shapiro-Wilk test used to measure the normality of the data, independent t-test and the covariance (ANCOVA). The significance level of the tests was p < 0.05 by using the SPSS-25 software.
Results: ANCOVA results revealed that the selected aerobic training significantly increased both static balance (p = 0.007) and dynamic balance (p = 0.001). Moreover, aerobic training positively influenced the physiological cost index (P = 0.001.
Conclusion: aerobic exercise can improve both static and dynamic balance and increase the Physiological Cost Index in M.S patients. Therefore, these exercises are recommended for patients with MS.
Review: Research |
Subject:
General
Received: 2020/06/19 | Accepted: 2020/12/20 | Published: 2020/12/26
Received: 2020/06/19 | Accepted: 2020/12/20 | Published: 2020/12/26
References
1. 1. Nilsagård Y. Walking Ability, Balance and Accidental Falls in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis. 2008.
2. Freeman J, Fox E, Gear M, et al. Pilates Based Core Stability Training in Ambulant Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis: Protocol for A Multi-Centre Randomised Controlled Trial. BMC Neurology. 2012; 12(1):19. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2377-12-19]
3. Dalgas U, Stenager E, Ingemann-Hansen T. Multiple Sclerosis and Physical Exercise: Recommendations for The Application of Resistance-, Endurance-and Combined Training. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2008; 14(1):35-53. [DOI:10.1177/1352458507079445]
4. Horton S, MacDonald DJ, Erickson KMS. Exercise, and the Potential for Older Adults. European Review of Aging and Physical Activity. 2010; 7(1): 49-57. [DOI:10.1007/s11556-010-0062-9]
5. Taraghi Z, Eleiae M. Quality of Life of Patient Member of MS Society of Mazandaran. Iranian Journal of Neurology. 2007; 20(55):51-60.
6. Sarvari F, Ebrahimi Atri A, Khorshid Sokhangooy M. The Comparison of Resistance and Endurance Exercises on Fatigue Severity and Balance in Women with Multiple Sclerosis. Sport medicine. 2013; 5(10):89-102. [Persian]
7. Doucett A, Seminary J. Pilates Adapted for Parkinson's disease and Multiple Sclerosis. 2013.
8. Salavati M, Negahban H, Soleimanifar M, et al. The Persion Version of the Berg Balance Scale: Inter and Intra Rater Reliability and Construction Validity in Elderly Adults. Disability and Rehabilitation. 2012; 34(20):34-48. [DOI:10.3109/09638288.2012.660604]
9. Annovazzi P, Tomassini V, Bodini B, et al. A Cross-Sectional, Multicentre Study of the Therapeutic Management of Multiple Sclerosis Relapses in Italy. Neurological Sciences. 2013; 34(2):197-203. [DOI:10.1007/s10072-012-0981-5]
10. Coote S, Hogan N, Franklin S. Falls in People with Multiple Sclerosis who Use A Walking Aid: Prevalence, Factors, and Effect of Strength and Balance Interventions. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2013; 94(4):616-21. [DOI:10.1016/j.apmr.2012.10.020]
11. Mariotti C, Fancellu R, Di Donato S. An overview of the patient with ataxia. Journal of neurology. 2005; 252(5):511-8. [DOI:10.1007/s00415-005-0814-z]
12. Silkwood-Sherer D, Warmbier H. Effects of Hippotherapy on Postural Stability, In Persons with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2007; 31(2):77-84. [DOI:10.1097/NPT.0b013e31806769f7]
13. Cattaneo D, Jonsdottir J, Zocchi M, et al. Effects of Balance Exercises on People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study. Clinical Rehabilitation. 2007; 21(9):771-81. [DOI:10.1177/0269215507077602]
14. Olgiati R, Burgunder JM, Mumenthaler M. Increased Energy Cost of Walking in Multiple Sclerosis: Effect of Spasticity, Ataxia, and Weakness. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1988; 69(10): 846-9.
15. Waters RL, Mulroy S. The Energy Expenditure of Normal and Pathologic Gait. Gait Posture. 1999; 9(3): 207-31. [DOI:10.1016/S0966-6362(99)00009-0]
16. Nene AV, Jennings SJ. Physiological Cost Index of Paraplegic Locomotion Using the ORLAU ParaWalker. Spinal Cord. 1992; 30(4): 264-52. [DOI:10.1038/sc.1992.63]
17. Rose J, Gamble JG, Medeiros J, et al. Energy cost of walking in normal children and in those with cerebral palsy. Comparison of heart rate and oxygen uptake. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics. 1989; 9(3): 2769. [DOI:10.1097/01241398-198905000-00004]
18. 17- MacGregor J. Rehabilitation ambulatory monitoring. Palgrave Macmillan, London .1979: 159-72. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-349-04835-9_20]
19. Rampello A, Franceschini M, Piepoli M, et al. Effect of Aerobic Training on Walking Capacity and Maximal Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Crossover Controlled Study. Physical therapy. 2007; 87(5):545-55. [DOI:10.2522/ptj.20060085]
20. Halabchi F, Alizadeh Z, Sahraian MA, et al. Exercise Prescription for Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Potential Benefits and Practical Recommendations. BMC Neurology. 2017; 17(1):185. [DOI:10.1186/s12883-017-0960-9]
21. Dalgas U, Stenager E, Jakobsen J, et al. Resistance Training Improves Muscle Strength and Functional Capacity in Multiple Sclerosis. Neurology. 2009; 73(3):1478-84. [DOI:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181bf98b4]
22. Dalgas U, Stenager E, Jakobsen J, et al. Fatigue, Mood and Quality of Life Improve in MS Patients after Progressive Resistance Training. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2010; 16(4):480-90. [DOI:10.1177/1352458509360040]
23. Dalgas U, Stenager E, Jakobsen J, et al. Muscle Fiber Size Increases Following Resistance Training in Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2010; 16(11): 1367-76. [DOI:10.1177/1352458510377222]
24. Dalgas U, Stenager E, Lund C, et al. Neural Drive Increases Following Resistance Training in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Neurology. 2013; 260(7): 1822-32. [DOI:10.1007/s00415-013-6884-4]
25. Mostert S, Kesselring J. Effect of A Short-Term Exercise Training Program on Aerobic Fitness, Fatigue, Health Perception and Activity Level of Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2002; 8(2): 61-168. [DOI:10.1191/1352458502ms779oa]
26. Newman MA, Dawes H, van den Berg M, et al. Can Aerobic Treadmill Training Reduce The Effort of Walking and Fatigue in People with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2007; 13(1):113-9. [DOI:10.1177/1352458506071169]
27. Pazokian M, Shabani M, Zakerimoghdam M, et al. The Effect of Stretching Together Aerobic Exercise on Fatigue Level in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Refer to MS Society of Iran Those Suffer From Fatigue. Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery. 2012; 22(2):18-24. [Persian]
28. Shanazari Z, Marandi M, Minasian V. Effect of 12 Week Pilates and Aquatic Traianing on Fatigue in Women with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2013; 23(98): 257-64. [Persian]
29. Bolouchi R, Ghyasi A, Naderi A, et al. The Survey of Cawthorne and Cooksey Exercise on the Quality of Life, Balance and Fatigue in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Ilam University of Medical Sciences. 2014; 21(7): 43-53. [Persian]
30. Taheri Torbati H, Mahjor M, Enferadi A. Comparison of Single and Dual Task Balance Training on Balance in the Women with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. 2016; 20(6): 34-43. [Persian]
31. Farsi A, Akbar PS, Mosavi MK.V, et al. Effect of Pilates Training Based on Core Stability on Balance and Electromyography of Women with Multiple Sclerosis. The Scientific Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. 2017; 6(3): 165-173. [Persian]
32. Sarvari, Fatemeh, Ebrahimi Atri, Ahmad, Saeedi, Morteza, Khorshid Sokhangooy, Maryam. The relationship between lower extremity strength and dynamic balance in patients with multiple sclerosis. Eighth International Conference on MS. 2011: 1-17.
33. Kurdi M, Anoosheh L, Khodadadh S, et al. The Effect of Selected Combined Training on Strength, Balance and Life Quality of Patients Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Sport Medicine. 2011; 2(5): 46-59. [Persian]
34. Cattaneo D, Jonsdottir J, Zocchi M, et al. Effect of balance exercise on people with multiple sclerosis, a pilot study. Clinical rehabilitation. 2007; 21(9): 771-81. [DOI:10.1177/0269215507077602]
35. Karpatkin HI, Cohen ET, Klein S, et al. The effect of maximal strength training on strength, walking, and balance in people with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. Multiple sclerosis international. 2016: 5235971. [DOI:10.1155/2016/5235971]
36. Rietberg MB, Brooks D, Uitdehaag BM, et al. Exercise Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005; (1). [DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003980.pub2]
37. Kargarfard M, Mehrabi M, Hamidi-Tehrani J, et al. Changes in speed, Endurance and Balance in Women with Multiple Sclerosis after 4 and 8 weeks of Aquatic Exercise Training. Journal of Isfahan Medical School. 2013; 31(256): 1628-1639. [Persian]
38. White LJ, Dressendorfer RH. Exercise and Multiple Sclerosis. Sports Medicine. 2004; 34(15):1077-100. [DOI:10.2165/00007256-200434150-00005]
39. Freal JE, Kraft GH, Coryell JK. Symptomatic Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 1984; 65(3): 135-8.
40. Fragoso YD, Santana DL, Pinto RC. The Positive Effects of A Physical Activity Program for Multiple Sclerosis Patients with Fatigue. NeuroRehabilitation. 2008; 23(2):153-7. [DOI:10.3233/NRE-2008-23204]
41. Arastu A.A, Ahmadi A, Zahednejad Sh. The Comparision of Effect of 8 Weeks Aerobic and Yoga Training on Physiological Cost Index in Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal. 2011; 10(2): 153-162. [Persian]
42. Mostert S, Kesselring J. Effects of a Short-Term Exercise Training Program on Aerobic Fitness, Fatigue, Health Perception and Activity Level of Subjects with Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis Journal. 2002; 8(2): 161-8. [DOI:10.1191/1352458502ms779oa]
43. Pariser G, Madras D, Weiss E. Outcomes of An Aquatic Exercise Program Including Aerobic Capacity, Lactate Threshold, and Fatigue in Two Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy. 2006; 30(2): 82-90. [DOI:10.1097/01.NPT.0000282572.63297.3d]
44. Ahmadi A, Nikbakht M, Arastoo AA. The Effects of A Yoga Intervention on Balance, Speed and Endurance of Walking, Fatigue and Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Human Kinetics. 2010; 23(1): 71-8. [DOI:10.2478/v10078-010-0009-2]
45. Khammar A, Yarahmadi M, Madadizadeh F. What Is Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and How to Correctly Report Its Results in Medical Research? Iran Journal Public Health. 2020; 49(5): 1016-1017 [DOI:10.18502/ijph.v49i5.3227]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
